Eva Tepper about Makow before war and live there, her and her family's fates during war in USSR, stay in Silesia region after war and immigration to Israel
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An English resume of an interview in Hebrew that took place in Israel, as a part of the Polish Roots in Israel Project. Interviewee name: Eva Tepper
Eva Tepper was born to the Golodziner family in 1923.
Her family lived in Maków Mazowiecki, which was then part of the Warsaw district. Today it belongs to the Ostrołęka district.
Eva's mother was Rachel-Lea Naichus. She was born in Maków in 1900.
Rachel-Lea's mother was Tamar.
Rachel-Lea's siblings were:
• Avraham Yitzhak (brother). He was married to Haya. They had seven children.
• Nechemya (brother). He was married. He had six children
• Shana Roza (sister). She was married with no children.
• Hana (sister). She was married and had three children.
All siblings and their families perished in the Holocaust.
Eva's father was Avraham Fischel. He was born in 1898 in Maków. His mother's name was Yehudith.
Avraham Fischel's siblings were:
• Frida (sister). She was married and had a daughter. She and her family perished in the Holocaust.
• Rivka Lea (sister). She was married and had five children. She died in Russia.
• Berr (brother). He was married and had three children. He escaped with his eldest son to Russia. Berr died there. His son was never seen since. The rest of the family perished in the Holocaust.
Eva is one of three sisters:
• Sara (1925- 2003). Sara was divorced. Her only son died.
• Sabina (b. 1929). Sabina lives in USA. She is a widow. Her two sons, Roman and Alex live in the USA.
Eva was married to Israel Ignitz (1910-2003).
They have two children. Their son Daniel (b. 1959) is married and has three children.
Their daughter, Mallvina (b.1947) is married and has a son Eyal and a daughter Lilach. Eyal lives in the USA and has two daughters - Tal and Adi.
Eva was born in Maków, a large town in those days. About 7000 residents, among which about 4000 were Jews.
The main occupation in town was based on leather and its products. In addition, one could find in town two windmills, a printing-house and a lumberyard.
Since the town was located in the heart of the region, many officials lived there.
In the town were also a large convention hall and a movie house.
The convention hall hosted theaters that came to town.
A bus line connected Maków to Warsaw. Other destinations were reached by carriages. There was no train connection between Maków and other locations.
Eva and her family lived in a rented flat in an apartment building. The house was located on a beautiful boulevard, where people enjoyed strolling on Sabbath under the trees, meeting acquaintances.
Eva recalls the wonderful smell of the blooming trees that were along the boulevard.
A church opposite Eva's house. On Sundays, after the services, the worshipers filled the boulevard, walking along it while their children played.
The small apartment in which Eva's family lived consisted of a room shared by the kitchen.
The beds were along the walls. In the center of the room were a table and chairs around it. Kitchen cupboards were at the end wall.
The building had no water system. Water was pumped out of the well in the churchyard. Toilets were located in the backyard.
There was no electricity. A fireplace heated the house during the cold winter days. Wood was stored in the corridor.
Bathing was done in washtubs, not every day.
Avraham Fischel, Eva's father, lost his father at a very early age, a fact that enforced him to grow up quickly. He took the responsibility of caring for his family. Instead of attending school, he started to trade in produce to support his family. He bought in advance whole lots of orchards and fruit trees. After ripping, he picked the fruit and let his mother and his younger sister sell the produce on the market.
For the winter time, he rented a cellar where he stored his produce.
After Avraham Fischel grew up and married, he continued with his business.
Eva recalls her childhood as a happy one. During summer vacations, the family lived in the orchards. It was a pleasant experience.
During the winter, Eva's father found his livelihood in repairing shoes, while her mother continued to sell on the market place.
Avraham Fischel was not a religious person. Yet he attended synagogue when he was in town. Eva recalls that on his way back from synagogue he used to bring fresh buns from the bakery. She still recalls the smell.
Since Eva's mother was busy on the market, Eva's paternal grandmother with her younger daughter moved to live near the family. For her help, Avraham Fischel paid his mother as if she were a partner in his business. Eva's maternal grandmother lived near them too.
The languages spoken at home were Yiddish and Polish. Eva's friends were both Jews and non-Jews.
Administrator dołożył wszelkich możliwych starań, aby prezentowane treści były prawdziwe i aktualne oraz nie naruszały praw osób trzecich,w tym praw autorskich, jednak nie może tego zagwarantować.Dlatego błędne informacje na stronie internetowej nie mogą być podstawą roszczeń. W przypadku jakichkolwiek wątpliwości prosimy o kontakt na adres: sztetl@jewishmuseum.org.pl
