In 1522, 10 Jewish families from Grodno settled in Tykocin. From 1523, the customs chamber in Tykocin was leased by a local Jew. In 1642, a synagogue was built. At that time Tykocin was one of the most important Jewish communities in the Crown. In 1660, many Jews in Tykocin were murdered by Czarnecki's troops. In 1808, there were 1,652 Jews living in Tykocin, i.e. 56% of all residents. In 1857, the number of Jews amounted to 3,456, i.e. 70% of all residents. Military actions in 1914-18 significantly reduced the population of the Jewish community.
In the inter-war period (1921), 1,401 Jews lived in Tykocin, i.e. 50% of all residents.
During World War II, in June 1941, the town was taken over by Germans. On 26/27 September 1941, in the woods in near Łopuchów, Germans shot about 1,400 Jews in a mass execution. The remaining 150 Jews were transported to the Białystok ghetto, and then to the extermination camp in Treblinka.
Extermination
Shoah [Hebrew]
The planned genocide of European Jewry perpetrated by the Nazis and based on the racist doctrine was one of the pillars of German fascism. This ideology proclaimed the need to remove Jews and other "lower" races from the German Lebensraum.
The history of the Holocaust may be broken down into three phases: 1933-39, 1939-41 and 1941-44. After Hitler came(...)
Synagogue
[Greek, synagogé = assembly], beit kneset [Hebrew, house of assemblies]
The building in which Jews pray, known in Polish as boznica.
The synagogue is the focus of religious life, and to some extent also for the social life in traditional Jewish communities. Its institutional origins reach back to antiquity, most probably to the period of the Babylonian captivity, when the(...)
Tykocin
[Yiddish, Tiktin]
A town in the Podlasie voivodship in the Bialystok powiat (district); it was granted its town charter in 1424-25.
The Jewish Community was founded in 1522, when ten families from Grodno were brought as settlers by the voivod of Wilno and Troki, Olbracht Gasztold. They were granted the right to found a cemetery and build a synagogue, as well as market stalls(...)
Tykocin
[Yiddish, Tiktin]
A town in the Podlasie voivodship in the Bialystok powiat (district); it was granted its town charter in 1424-25.
The Jewish Community was founded in 1522, when ten families from Grodno were brought as settlers by the voivod of Wilno and Troki, Olbracht Gasztold. They were granted the right to found a cemetery and build a synagogue, as well as market stalls(...)
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