The ghetto in Łomża was established in August 1941, near Senatorska and Rybaki Streets. Jews from Łomża, as well as repatriates and refugees from, among others, Jedwabne, Piątnica and Stawiska were crowded there. The ghetto was liquidated on 1 November 1942. Its inhabitants were deported to the labour camp in Zambrów, from which the majority was taken to the extermination camp in Auschwitz.
In 1986, in the place where a synagogue used to be (burned down in September 1939), a bronze commemorative plaque was placed on a building in Senatorska Street. It was funded by the local community on the 44th anniversary of extermination of Łomża ghetto. On the plaque, under the Star of David, there's an inscription in Polish and Hebrew: "From July 1941 to November 1942 in the streets: Dworna – now 22-go Lipca, Senatorska, Woziwodzka, Zielona, Żydowska – now Zatylna, and Rybaki, the Nazis set up a ghetto, where they exterminated 9,000 Poles of Jewish ethnicity. 3,500 of them were shot in the woods near the villages of Giełczyn and Sławiec. The German occupiers established 15 ghettos in the towns of Łomża region. The tragic fate of around 40,000 people living in them led to the extermination camp in Treblinka. May the memory of them and of those who were helping them in those terrible days last."
Community
[Polish, gmina; Yiddish, kahal; Hebrew, kehila]
A form of organization in Jewish communities. The term has two meanings: it refers to a group of Jews having their own internal organization, including self-government and authorities; it also means the body of authorities governing this group.
Jewish law and tradition, along with government legislation, were the two main factors(...)
Extermination
Shoah [Hebrew]
The planned genocide of European Jewry perpetrated by the Nazis and based on the racist doctrine was one of the pillars of German fascism. This ideology proclaimed the need to remove Jews and other "lower" races from the German Lebensraum.
The history of the Holocaust may be broken down into three phases: 1933-39, 1939-41 and 1941-44. After Hitler came(...)
Extermination
Shoah [Hebrew]
The planned genocide of European Jewry perpetrated by the Nazis and based on the racist doctrine was one of the pillars of German fascism. This ideology proclaimed the need to remove Jews and other "lower" races from the German Lebensraum.
The history of the Holocaust may be broken down into three phases: 1933-39, 1939-41 and 1941-44. After Hitler came(...)
Extermination
Shoah [Hebrew]
The planned genocide of European Jewry perpetrated by the Nazis and based on the racist doctrine was one of the pillars of German fascism. This ideology proclaimed the need to remove Jews and other "lower" races from the German Lebensraum.
The history of the Holocaust may be broken down into three phases: 1933-39, 1939-41 and 1941-44. After Hitler came(...)
Ghetto
A designated area of a city in which Jews were permitted to live. Ghettos were sometimes surrounded by a wall and had gates that would be closed for the night, and were sometimes called "Jewish cities" or "Jewish quarters". The term "ghetto" probably was probably first used in the sixteenth century, though its origins are unclear. The most popular theory speculates(...)
Ghetto
A designated area of a city in which Jews were permitted to live. Ghettos were sometimes surrounded by a wall and had gates that would be closed for the night, and were sometimes called "Jewish cities" or "Jewish quarters". The term "ghetto" probably was probably first used in the sixteenth century, though its origins are unclear. The most popular theory speculates(...)
Synagogue
[Greek, synagogé = assembly], beit kneset [Hebrew, house of assemblies]
The building in which Jews pray, known in Polish as boznica.
The synagogue is the focus of religious life, and to some extent also for the social life in traditional Jewish communities. Its institutional origins reach back to antiquity, most probably to the period of the Babylonian captivity, when the(...)
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